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If you own a family house or a cottage, you have a source of quality utility water right on your roof. You just need to capture it into a tank and filter it appropriately. A simple system for collecting, treating, and storing rainwater can save you up to 1,000 CZK per month, solve the problem of drought in your garden, and additionally contribute to the protection of drinking water resources.
Recycling rainwater has three main advantages:
Considering the increasing drought in the Czech Republic, rainwater allows you to better manage the precious resources of drinking water.
Rainwater is completely free, and therefore brings significant savings, especially for garden owners. Due to drought, precipitation is less absorbed into the soil, and most of the water runs off the garden. However, you can use rainwater from the tank weeks after it rains.
If you water your garden with rainwater, it will reward you with a richer and tastier harvest. Rainwater is much more natural and healthier for plants than chlorinated water from the mains.
And what are the uses of recycled rainwater? It is ideal, of course, for watering the garden, but after proper treatment and filtration, you can also use it in the household as utility water. You can use it to flush toilets, wash laundry, clean, and after more thorough treatment, even for personal hygiene.
There are several levels and methods of filtering rainwater. The choice of filters should mainly depend on the location of the tank, the purpose of using the rainwater, and whether you will be bringing the water into the household plumbing.
Rainwater finds wide application not only in the garden.
The first level of filtration, that is, capturing larger debris from the roof before it enters the tank, is always necessary. Further water treatment depends on whether the rainwater tank is underground or above ground – that is, whether the water is pumped or not.
A so-called filter basket is installed on the downspout, which captures the largest debris, especially leaves, insects, bird droppings, and more. These impurities would otherwise rot in the tank and spoil the water. Filter baskets contain a container in which these impurities are captured and need to be emptied regularly.
When capturing rainwater, it is also advisable to install a leaf catcher on the gutters, which is a grid that prevents these impurities from entering the gutter at all. If you use the water only for watering the garden and do not pump it from the tank, this method of filtration is often sufficient.
However, water from an underground rainwater tank must be pumped. To prevent the rainwater pump from being damaged by smaller particles that the filter basket does not capture, it is necessary to equip it with a fine mechanical impurities filter.
If you want to use rainwater in the household, it is necessary to choose a more effective method of separating larger mechanical impurities, as a filter basket is not sufficient in this case. In underground rainwater tanks, a filter shaft is most commonly used, which diverts impurities into the sewer. The advantage is that you do not have to remove the captured impurities.
For pumping water, in addition to a submersible pump in the tank, a comprehensive rainwater utilization device is used, which is placed in the building. It brings water from the tank and further distributes it into the building's plumbing. At this stage, the water should also be treated with multi-stage filtration. However, be aware that this water is still utility water after treatment, so you must always have separate plumbing for drinking water and recycled rainwater.
Rainwater contains chemical pollutants from the surrounding environment, mechanical particles, and biological impurities. The method of filtering rainwater must therefore be chosen with regard to the planned use of the water in the household.
For watering and flushing toilets with rainwater, a fine mesh mechanical impurities filter will suffice. These small particles could otherwise damage the pump, plumbing, and sanitary equipment.
Chemical and biological contamination is removed by a water filter with activated carbon. Due to its porous structure and exceptional properties, activated carbon has the ability to capture a really wide range of substances, although it is not 100% effective against all types of pollutants.
Rainwater filtered through a combined mechanical and carbon filter is suitable not only for watering and flushing toilets but also for cleaning and laundry. If you choose a carbon filter even for flushing toilets, you do not have to worry about unsightly deposits on the toilet, which are caused by microorganisms.
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Honeywell rainwater filter with pre-filter, mechanical filter, and carbon filter.
If you want to use rainwater for personal hygiene, it is advisable to first have the water analyzed and based on the results, choose more thorough filtration, often also disinfection. Some pollutants and microorganisms can irritate the skin and mucous membranes even in small amounts and cause health problems.
Rainwater treated with mechanical and carbon filters is by no means potable. It cannot be used for direct consumption or cooking. Although there are methods for treating rainwater to make it drinkable, these are very costly systems, whose acquisition is not financially viable.
We use only 2 percent of water for drinking and cooking. For other purposes, you can use alternative water sources and thus save not only money but also the environment.
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